Spanish 1st Quarterly Exam October 27, 2017
1. Los Pronombres
Yo - I Tú - you Él - he Ella - she Usted - you
Nosotros - we Nosotras - we Ellos - they Ellas - they Ustedes - you
Why are there two ways to say we? Nosotros is for a group of males and nosotras is for a group of females. When you are saying we and there are males and females in the group, use nosotros.
Why are there two ways to say they? Ellos is for a group of males and ellas is for a group of females. When you are saying they and there are males and females in the group, use ellos.
Why are there three ways to say you? Tú is singular. Use it to speak to one person, when that person is another child or someone you know well. It is informal.
Usted is also singular. Use it to speak to one person, when that person is an adult who you don't know well. It is formal. Think of it like saying sir or mam to someone in English- but it means you!
Ustedes is plural. Use it to say you to a group of people, no matter who those people are. Think of it as you all or y'all.
2. Verbs
We have to conjugate verbs to make them match with the subject- the person, people, thing or things the sentence is about. You know how to conjugate these verbs:
Llamarse - to call one's self
Yo me llamo
Tú te llamas
Él, ella, usted se llama
Nosotros, nosotras nos llamamos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes se llaman
Tener- to have
Yo tengo
Tú tienes
Él, ella, usted tiene
Nosotros, nosotras tenemos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes tienen
Necesitar- to need
Yo necesito
Tú necesitas
Él, ella, usted necesita
Nosotros, nosotras necesitamos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes necesitan
3. Asking and answering questions
You have to pay attention to who a question is speaking to or asking about to know what pronoun you need to respond with. For example, if I ask you how old you are you wouldn't say "you are twelve years old," but rather "I am twelve years old" because I am asking you about yourself. However, if I ask "How old is she?" you would respond "she is eleven years old" because we are talking about another person.
¿Cómo te llamas?
Yo me llamo...
¿Cómo se llama usted?
Yo me llamo...
¿Cómo se llama él/ella?
Él/ella se llama...
¿Cómo se llaman ustedes?
Nosotros/nosotras nos llamamos...
¿Cómo se llaman ellos/ellas?
Ellos/ellas se llaman...
4. Los números de 0-100
5. Los colores
6. El alfabeto
Memorize the entire alphabet, paying close attention to the sounds these letters make:
A ah
E "A"
I "E"
O oh
U ooh
H (silencio)
J h
LL y
Ñ ny
7. Las instrucciones
Mira, escucha, siéntate, párate, ven, dame, toma, habla, repite, lee, escribe, abre, cierra, piensa, espera, pregunta, responde, dibuja, colorea, corta, pega, saca, guarda, toca, no toques
8. La Escuela
el maestro, la maestra, el estudiante, la estudiante, la clase, la tarea, la mochila, el cuaderno, la carpeta, el lápiz, el bolígrafo, el marcador, el sacapuntas, las tijeras, el borrador, la regla, la pega, el examen
9. La Cara
Los ojos, las pestañas, las cejas, las orejas, la frente, la nariz, la boca, los dientes, la lengua, los labios, la barbilla, las mejillas, el bigote, la barba, el cuello, la cara, la cabeza, el cabello
10. El Cuerpo
La cabeza, el cuello, los hombros, los brazos, los codos, las muñecas, las manos, los dedos, las uñas, la barriga, el pecho, la espalda, las piernas, las rodillas, los tobillos, los pies, los dedos de pie
11. Parts of Speech
Son palabras: niño, azul, habla No son palabras: 3, #, $
Los sustantivos, verbos y adjetivos son palabras.
Un sustantivo es una cosa, una persona o un lugar. (el libro, el estudiante, México)
Un verbo es una acción. (hablar, escribir, escuchar)
Un adjetivo es una palabra que describe un sustantivo. (rojo, grande, inteligente)
In Spanish note that we put the noun first, and then the adjective that describes it. Instead of saying smart girl, I would say girl smart. Ella es una niña inteligente.
12. Los Adjetivos
Grande, pequenõ, joven, viejo, nuevo, lindo, feo, bueno, malo, alto, bajo, inteligente, atlético, creativo, talentoso, responsable
13. Nouns are singular or plural (libro, libros) and we make nouns plural by adding an s, just like in English. In Spanish all things have gender- even inanimate objects like pencils, notebooks and scissors are all considered male or female. This has nothing to do with what the object looks or who it belongs to. The word book is always masculine. The word scissors is always feminine. When you learn the names of new things, you have to memorize if the thing is masculine or feminine. In general, nouns ending in o are masculine and nouns ending in a are feminine.
Nouns and adjectives must agree. This means that you have to pay attention to the number (singular/plural) and gender (masculine or feminine) of the noun and make the adjective match.
Él es un niño lindo. Ellos son niños lindos.
Ella es una niña linda. Ellas son niñas lindas.
14. Definite and indefinite articles
a/an: un, una, unos, unas (Unos and unas are like saying “some” in English as in “I need some markers” which means that I need a few markers, but not any markers in particular.)
The: el, la, los, las
Yo necesito un libro. El monstruo tiene una nariz. Yo necesito unos cuadernos.
El niño se llama Carlos. La mochila es roja. Los estudiantes tienen un examen.
1. Los Pronombres
Yo - I Tú - you Él - he Ella - she Usted - you
Nosotros - we Nosotras - we Ellos - they Ellas - they Ustedes - you
Why are there two ways to say we? Nosotros is for a group of males and nosotras is for a group of females. When you are saying we and there are males and females in the group, use nosotros.
Why are there two ways to say they? Ellos is for a group of males and ellas is for a group of females. When you are saying they and there are males and females in the group, use ellos.
Why are there three ways to say you? Tú is singular. Use it to speak to one person, when that person is another child or someone you know well. It is informal.
Usted is also singular. Use it to speak to one person, when that person is an adult who you don't know well. It is formal. Think of it like saying sir or mam to someone in English- but it means you!
Ustedes is plural. Use it to say you to a group of people, no matter who those people are. Think of it as you all or y'all.
2. Verbs
We have to conjugate verbs to make them match with the subject- the person, people, thing or things the sentence is about. You know how to conjugate these verbs:
Llamarse - to call one's self
Yo me llamo
Tú te llamas
Él, ella, usted se llama
Nosotros, nosotras nos llamamos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes se llaman
Tener- to have
Yo tengo
Tú tienes
Él, ella, usted tiene
Nosotros, nosotras tenemos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes tienen
Necesitar- to need
Yo necesito
Tú necesitas
Él, ella, usted necesita
Nosotros, nosotras necesitamos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes necesitan
3. Asking and answering questions
You have to pay attention to who a question is speaking to or asking about to know what pronoun you need to respond with. For example, if I ask you how old you are you wouldn't say "you are twelve years old," but rather "I am twelve years old" because I am asking you about yourself. However, if I ask "How old is she?" you would respond "she is eleven years old" because we are talking about another person.
¿Cómo te llamas?
Yo me llamo...
¿Cómo se llama usted?
Yo me llamo...
¿Cómo se llama él/ella?
Él/ella se llama...
¿Cómo se llaman ustedes?
Nosotros/nosotras nos llamamos...
¿Cómo se llaman ellos/ellas?
Ellos/ellas se llaman...
4. Los números de 0-100
5. Los colores
6. El alfabeto
Memorize the entire alphabet, paying close attention to the sounds these letters make:
A ah
E "A"
I "E"
O oh
U ooh
H (silencio)
J h
LL y
Ñ ny
7. Las instrucciones
Mira, escucha, siéntate, párate, ven, dame, toma, habla, repite, lee, escribe, abre, cierra, piensa, espera, pregunta, responde, dibuja, colorea, corta, pega, saca, guarda, toca, no toques
8. La Escuela
el maestro, la maestra, el estudiante, la estudiante, la clase, la tarea, la mochila, el cuaderno, la carpeta, el lápiz, el bolígrafo, el marcador, el sacapuntas, las tijeras, el borrador, la regla, la pega, el examen
9. La Cara
Los ojos, las pestañas, las cejas, las orejas, la frente, la nariz, la boca, los dientes, la lengua, los labios, la barbilla, las mejillas, el bigote, la barba, el cuello, la cara, la cabeza, el cabello
10. El Cuerpo
La cabeza, el cuello, los hombros, los brazos, los codos, las muñecas, las manos, los dedos, las uñas, la barriga, el pecho, la espalda, las piernas, las rodillas, los tobillos, los pies, los dedos de pie
11. Parts of Speech
Son palabras: niño, azul, habla No son palabras: 3, #, $
Los sustantivos, verbos y adjetivos son palabras.
Un sustantivo es una cosa, una persona o un lugar. (el libro, el estudiante, México)
Un verbo es una acción. (hablar, escribir, escuchar)
Un adjetivo es una palabra que describe un sustantivo. (rojo, grande, inteligente)
In Spanish note that we put the noun first, and then the adjective that describes it. Instead of saying smart girl, I would say girl smart. Ella es una niña inteligente.
12. Los Adjetivos
Grande, pequenõ, joven, viejo, nuevo, lindo, feo, bueno, malo, alto, bajo, inteligente, atlético, creativo, talentoso, responsable
13. Nouns are singular or plural (libro, libros) and we make nouns plural by adding an s, just like in English. In Spanish all things have gender- even inanimate objects like pencils, notebooks and scissors are all considered male or female. This has nothing to do with what the object looks or who it belongs to. The word book is always masculine. The word scissors is always feminine. When you learn the names of new things, you have to memorize if the thing is masculine or feminine. In general, nouns ending in o are masculine and nouns ending in a are feminine.
Nouns and adjectives must agree. This means that you have to pay attention to the number (singular/plural) and gender (masculine or feminine) of the noun and make the adjective match.
Él es un niño lindo. Ellos son niños lindos.
Ella es una niña linda. Ellas son niñas lindas.
14. Definite and indefinite articles
a/an: un, una, unos, unas (Unos and unas are like saying “some” in English as in “I need some markers” which means that I need a few markers, but not any markers in particular.)
The: el, la, los, las
Yo necesito un libro. El monstruo tiene una nariz. Yo necesito unos cuadernos.
El niño se llama Carlos. La mochila es roja. Los estudiantes tienen un examen.